Inductance unit and method of cooling



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INVENTOR Oct. 18, 1932. B. J. CHROMY I INDUCTANCE UNIT AND METHOD OFCOOLING Filed Nov. 6, 1929 a \HH r Patented Oct. 1 8, 19.32 g

" BEN a. onnomr, or norxrns, man o parent to those skilled'in the are towhich.

r TsNT OFFICE nnucirnnon um'r AND METHOD or COOLING 7 Application filedNovember This invention 7 relates to felectrica'lf appliances ingeneral. More specifically; this invention relates to inductance" unitsand method of cooling inductance unitsf An object of" this inventionistoprovide an inductance unit Which may be efliciently and readily keptat' a low normal temperag i v V The supporting members 2 are fastened atture. v

Another object of this invention is to provide an inductance unit oftubular material thru which a gaseous, medium iscause'd to,

flow and in which this medium'is'c'aused to suddenly expand and cool theunit; I

'Still'anot'her object of this invention is to provide an inductanceunit of tubular "material with nozz'leshavingorifices progressivelyincreasing in'size thru, passing a gaseous med um under pressure thruthe inductance unit andcau'sing this gaseous medium to expand afterleaving each of the nozzles and cool the inductanceiunit; i a

Other Ob'ects of this invention will befapthis invention pertains; fromthe following specification and the claims.

In'accordance with thisinvention an inductance unit of tubular material,such as copper or similar tubing, is provided with one or morenozzles-whereby a gaseous medium, such asair, carbon dioxideor similarmediums commonly used as '-.refrigerants which is;p assed"under pressurethru the tub ing is caused to expand suddenly at the orifice of thenozzle against another gaseous medium and cool the tubing surroundingit.

This invention will be more clearly understood from a reference to thespecification and the drawing, in which I Y Fig. 1 is a top plan View ofan embodiment of this invention; a I y i Fig. 2 is a sectionalview inside elevation; Fig. 3 is a detail View of a modified form of thisinvention, and V I Fig; l is a cross-sectional view along the line 4.4of Fig. 3.

Reference numeral 1 of 1 designates a piece of tubing circularly formedinto a coil having inductive reactance. This tubing may consist of anysuch material. as copper,

e, 1929. sem No. 405,263.;

aluminum, zinc, nickel, etc, or any alloy their extremities to panelmembers 3 and 4 which serve to rigidly retain the membersfl in positionand support, the coil 1. 1 A plurality'of nozzles 5, 6 and-7 areprovidedat, spaced intervals to the tubular-coil 1. Thenozzle 5, whichis closest to theend 8 of the coil 1, at which'end the supply ofcompressed gaseous medium is connected tov the coil, is made smaller insize than either of the nozzles 6 and 7. The nozzle 6, which ispositioned substantially halfway between the nozzles 5 and 7, is largerthan nozzle 5, but smaller than nozzle 7.

In operation a supply of compressed gas, such as air, carbon dioxide, orsimilar gases, 7 such as are employed in'refrigeration, is con nected tothe end 8 of the inductance coil 1 and the gas permitted to flow thruthe-coil. Upon passing thru the nozzle 5 the gas.eX-. 'pands and thru awell known physical proc- 'ess absorbs heat from thesurrounding walls ofthe inductance coil. The gas, however, is not permitted to expand. toatmospheric pressure at the nozzle 5 but at a substantial presi Icourse, understood that a smaller or greater number of these nozzles maybe provided. to

an inductance unit, and that the-number to be used depends to a largeextent upon the size of the tube and the size of the inductance coilemployed. More 'eflicient operation; of

this systemof inductance cooling is obtained when gases at. relativelyhigh pressures are employed or when gases are employed at't'emperature'ranges in which they act as relatively imperfect gases;

' According to Kelvins andJoules experiments, the fall in degreescentigrade is given by the following expression, which was obtained frompage 144 of The Mechanical Production of Cold, by Sir James Alfred Ewingwhere P and P are the pressure, in atmospheres, before and after the gasexpands through the nozzle, respectively, and T is the absolutetemperature before expansion.

The expanded gas is taken from the 1n.

ductance coil at the end '9. In cases where air or other harmless gas isused as a refrigerant it may be allowed to pass directly into theatmosphere from the opening 9, whereas in cases a harmful gas is used itis led back to the apparatus employed for compressing it upon itsleaving the end 9.

WVhere it is desired to use air as the refrigerant and no connectionbetween the compressing apparatus and the end 9 is employed it is highlydesirable to connect the end 8 of the inductance coil 1 into the lowhigh frequency potential part of the circuit in which the inductancecoil is to be used.

In case the inductance coil is to be employed in a push pull poweramplifier system an electrically conducting member wound incenter ofthe'inductance coil.

it is desirable to connect the supply of compressed gas to a placesubstantially in the The inductance coil is then formed of twosymmetrical portions in corresponding parts of which the compressed gasexpands and flows at a substantially equal rate. Y 7

lVhere it is found desirable not to cut the tubing used for theinductance coil and form the nozzles as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 thenozzles may be formed by partially flattening the tubing 10 asillustrated in Figs. 3 and 4. A small opening 11 which forms the orificeof the nozzle is left in the flattened section of the tubing. Orificesofdifierent sizes are I also made in difierent sections of theinductance coil when they are formed by flattening the tubing. g

It will be observed that various modifications ofthis invention may bemade without departing from the spirit and scope thereof and that,therefore, I do not desire to limit this invention to the exact detailsas set forth in the foregoing specification except in so far as they aredefined by the appended claims.

What I claim and desire to secure by LettersPatent of the United Statesis:

1. In inductance units the combination of an electrically conductingmember, a nozzle said member, means for passing gas through saidnozzles, said gas being caused to expand at said nozzles and coolsurfaces of said helical conducting member.

3. In inductance units the combination of an electrically conductingmember, means supported by said member for cooling surfaces of saidmember, said means being associated with a supply of cooling mediumadapted to cool said member through expansion.

4. In inductance units the combination of an electrically conductingmember, means supported by said conducting member for cooling surfacesthereof, said means including aflplurahty of nozzles of progressivelyincreasing size.

- 5. In inductance units the combination of an electrically conductingtubular member, means supported by said tubular member foi causing gaspassing thru said member to expand and cool surfaces thereof.

6. In inductance units the combination of an electrically conductingtubular member, means positioned within said tubular member forcausinggas passing thru said member to expand therein and" cool surfacesthereof.

7. In inductance units the combination of an electricallyconducting'tubular member, a nozzleformed in the walls of said tubularmember, said nozzle functioning to cause gas passing thru said tubularmember to expand and cool surfaces thereof.

8. In inductance units the combination of an electrically conductingtubular member, a plurality of nozzles formed in wallsofsaid tubularmember at spaced intervals, each of said nozzles functioning to causegas passing thru said tubular member to expand and cool surfacesthereof.

9. The method of cooling tubular induct ance units comprising the stepsof passing a gas thru the tubular inductance unit and causing said gasto suddenly expand while passing thru said inductance unit and absorbheat from surfaces thereof.

. In testimony whereof I afiix my signature. BEN J. CHROMY.

supported by said member, means for passing gas through said nozzle,said gas being caused to expand at SZLlClIlOZZlGiLIlCl cool surfaces ofsaid conducting member. I

2. In inductance units the combination of to ahelix, a plurality ofnozzles supported by

